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P. B. Suruse ¹, N. J. Duragkar ¹, U. D. Shivhare ¹, S. Y. Raut ¹, A. S. Warokar ¹

Affiliations
1 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongri, Hingna Road, Nagpur- 441 110 (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. The most serious forms of the disease are caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, but other related species (Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae) can also affect humans. The initial symptoms of malaria which include fever, headache and muscular aches. Plasmodium develops in the gut of the mosquito and passed in the saliva of an infected insect each time it takes a new blood meal. The parasites are then carried by the blood in the victim's liver where they invade the cells and multiply. After 9-16 days they return to the blood and penetrate the red cells, where they multiply again, progressively breaking down the red cells. In cerebral malaria, the infected red cells obstruct the blood vessels in the brain. The four species of malaria are distinguished by their different appearances of Trophozoites, Schizonts, Gametocytes and staining, size and shape of infected red blood cells, and other characteristics. The key role of traditional medicine in the development of modern medicine for prevention of malaria is discussed in this article. In-vitro and in-vivo antiplasmodial activities are experimental models for detecting antiplasmodial activity of plant extracts in the erythrocytic stage of malaria parasites. The study is likely to promote a rational use of botanicals and must be continued focusing on the isolation and characterizing active principles of the crude extract, its pharmacological validation, standardization and formulation.

Keywords

Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Antiplasmodial Activity.

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P. B. Suruse ¹, M. K. Kale ², N. J. Duragkar ², A. Gundawar ²

Affiliations
1 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongari, Hingana Road, Nagpur- 441110 (M. S.), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongri, Hingna Road, Nagpur-441 110 (MS), IN

Abstract

The work presented here deals with formulation and evaluation of herbal antidiabetic capsule containing dried extracts of Gymnema sylvestre, Mucuna prurience and Ginkgo biloba. Phytochemical screenings of all three extracts were performed and their purity was checked by TLC, HPTLC and also by gravimetric method. While formulating the capsules three batches were selected with different concentration of extracts of Gymnema sylvestre and same quantity of Mucuna prurience and Ginkgo biloba extracts. The antidiabetic activity of three formulations was performed on diabetic rats to find out the better activity than others. The formulation 3 has given the better result as compared to formulation 1 and 2. For the pharmacological evaluation, all the experiments were designed and conducted as per CPCSEA and IAEC guidelines. The single dose study of optimized formulation shows a significant decrease in serum glucose level at 2, 4, 6 and 24 h while comparing with only extract of Gymnema sylvestre and standard antidiabetic drug Glibenclamide. The optimized formulation showed much better result as compared to extract of Gymnema sylvestre. Physical and chemical evaluation of optimized formulation has been performed and compared the peaks of standard drug with extracts and formulation by HPTLC analysis.

Keywords

Herbal Capsule, Antidiabetic Activity, Gymnema sylvestre, Mucuna prurience, Ginkgo biloba.

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Aparna Raut ¹, P. B. Suruse ², J. G. Awari ³, A. K. Raut ³, V. V. Kale ²

Affiliations
1 Kamla Nehru College of Pharmacy, Near Borkhedi gate, Butibori, Nagpur-441108 (M.S.), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongri, Nagpur-441110, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R. T. M. Nagpur University, Nagpur, IN

Abstract

In the present study, pellets were prepared and optimization of pellets coating technique was done. Extrusion-spheronization technique was employed to prepare pellets by optimizing operational variables like spheronization time, spheronization speed and percent of granulating fluid to obtain smooth and spherical pellets. Pellets were coated employing spray coating and powder layered coating techniques in order to obtain sustained release. Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) K-15M was used as a coating polymer. Diclofenac sodium loaded pellets (20%) were prepared with 76% MCC and PVP K-30 at spheronization speed of 120 RPM for 20 min using 76% granulating fluid. Spray coating was done employing HPMC K-15M solution (1%) in (70: 30) water: ethanol mixture. Powder layering was done using 5% PVP K-30 in (50: 50) ethanol: water mixture as binder solution and powdered HPMC K-15M. Both the processes were continued till 5% coating level was achieved. Powder layered and spray coated pellets were evaluated for physical characteristics like drug content and in-vitro drug release. Physical characteristics like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, friability, moisture content and percentage drug content were found to be within standard limits. In-vitro drug release was found to be 0.5 to 1% in pH 1.2 buffer from both the pellets. In pH 6.8 buffer powder layered pellets showed 25% drug release, while spray coated pellets showed 45% drug release after 7 h. From the above study, it was concluded that powder layered pellets sustain drug release more than spray coated pellets.

Keywords

Pellets, Diclofenac Sodium, Spray Coating, Powdered Layer Coating, Extrusion-Spheronization Technique.

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P. B. Suruse ¹, N. J. Duragkar ¹, U. D. Shivhare ¹, S. B. Bodele ¹

Affiliations
1 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongri, Hingna Road, Nagpur- 441100 (M. S.), IN

Abstract

Canarium strictum Roxb. (Burseraceae) is used in the traditional Ayurvedic medicine under the name Raladhupa and black dammar resin. The isolation of compound A and compound B were carried out from chloroform extract by counter current distribution method. The purity of each compound was estimated by using Thin Layer Chromatography. The preliminary phytochemical screening of each compounds showed the presence of triterpenoid. The compound A and Compound B were investigated for antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activity by using cup plate method or diffusion agar method. The results obtained shows that compound A and compound B possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity at concentration of 100μg/ml. The inhibitory effect of each compound is very close and identical in magnitude for Gram- positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.

Keywords

Canarium Strictum, Raladhupa, Black Dammar Resin, Antimicrobial Activity.

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R. W. Lohe ¹, P. B. Suruse ¹, M. K. Kale ¹, P. R. Barethiya ², A. V. Kasture ², S. W. Lohe ³

Affiliations
1 Kamla Nehru College of Pharmacy, Butibori, Nagpur-441108 (MS), IN
2 Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Borgaon (Meghe), Wardha-442001 (MS), IN
3 Anurag College of Pharmacy, Warthi, Bhandara (MS), IN

Abstract

Two simple, accurate, economical and reproducible spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of Rabeprazole and Diclofenac in combined tablet dosage form have been developed. The first developed method employs formation and solving of simultaneous equation using two wavelengths 294.0 nm and 281.2 nm for formation of simultaneous equation. Second developed method involves graphical absorbance ratio, using two wavelengths. Both of these methods obey Beer’s law in the employed concentration ranges for respective methods. Results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies.

Keywords

Spectrophotometric Estimation, Rabeprazole, and Diclofenac.

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